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SMPP Protocol Implementation

A high-performance, type-safe Rust implementation of the Short Message Peer-to-Peer (SMPP) protocol supporting both versions 3.4 and 5.0.

Overview

This library provides complete implementations of SMPP v3.4 and v5.0 for building SMS applications, SMS gateways, and mobile network infrastructure. It features zero-allocation parsing, strongly-typed protocol fields, and comprehensive validation according to both SMPP specifications.

Key Features

  • Dual Version Support: Complete SMPP v3.4 and v5.0 implementations
  • Type Safety: Strongly-typed fields with compile-time validation
  • High Performance: Zero-allocation parsing with <200ns PDU processing
  • Async/Await Support: Built on Tokio for modern Rust async ecosystem
  • Comprehensive Validation: Protocol-level validation per SMPP specifications
  • Consistent API: Clean, intuitive method naming without unnecessary prefixes
  • Production Ready: Extensive testing and benchmarking with 300+ test cases

SMPP Version Support

This library supports both SMPP v3.4 and v5.0 protocols:

  • SMPP v3.4: Complete implementation with all 26 PDU types
  • SMPP v5.0: Enhanced implementation with broadcast messaging, flow control, and improved error handling

The client API automatically detects and negotiates the appropriate protocol version based on the server capabilities.

What's New in Version 0.4.0

This release adds complete SMPP v5.0 support alongside the existing v3.4 implementation:

  • Dual Version Support: Complete SMPP v3.4 and v5.0 implementations with automatic version negotiation
  • SMPP v5.0 Features: Broadcast messaging, enhanced flow control, and improved error handling
  • Broadcast PDUs: Full support for broadcast_sm, cancel_broadcast_sm, and query_broadcast_sm
  • Flow Control: Adaptive rate limiting and congestion management for high-throughput scenarios
  • Enhanced Client API: Unified client interface supporting both protocol versions seamlessly
  • Extended Testing: 300+ test cases covering both v3.4 and v5.0 protocol features

SMPP v3.4 Specification Compliance

Implemented PDUs (Section 4 - PDU Definitions)

PDU Name Command ID Spec Section Status
bind_transmitter 0x00000002 4.1.1 ✅ Complete
bind_transmitter_resp 0x80000002 4.1.2 ✅ Complete
bind_receiver 0x00000001 4.2.1 ✅ Complete
bind_receiver_resp 0x80000001 4.2.2 ✅ Complete
bind_transceiver 0x00000009 4.2.5 ✅ Complete
bind_transceiver_resp 0x80000009 4.2.6 ✅ Complete
unbind 0x00000006 4.2.1 ✅ Complete
unbind_resp 0x80000006 4.2.2 ✅ Complete
submit_sm 0x00000004 4.4.1 ✅ Complete
submit_sm_resp 0x80000004 4.4.2 ✅ Complete
submit_multi 0x00000021 4.5.1 ✅ Complete
submit_multi_resp 0x80000021 4.5.2 ✅ Complete
deliver_sm 0x00000005 4.6.1 ✅ Complete
deliver_sm_resp 0x80000005 4.6.2 ✅ Complete
data_sm 0x00000103 4.7.1 ✅ Complete
data_sm_resp 0x80000103 4.7.2 ✅ Complete
query_sm 0x00000003 4.8.1 ✅ Complete
query_sm_resp 0x80000003 4.8.2 ✅ Complete
cancel_sm 0x00000008 4.9.1 ✅ Complete
cancel_sm_resp 0x80000008 4.9.2 ✅ Complete
replace_sm 0x00000007 4.10.1 ✅ Complete
replace_sm_resp 0x80000007 4.10.2 ✅ Complete
enquire_link 0x00000015 4.11.1 ✅ Complete
enquire_link_resp 0x80000015 4.11.2 ✅ Complete
alert_notification 0x00000102 4.12.1 ✅ Complete
generic_nack 0x80000000 4.3.1 ✅ Complete
outbind 0x0000000B 4.1.4 ✅ Complete

Protocol Features (Section 5 - Protocol Features)

  • Connection Management: Full bind/unbind lifecycle per Section 5.1.1
  • Message States: Complete message state tracking per Section 5.2.28
  • Error Handling: Comprehensive error codes per Section 5.1.3
  • TLV Parameters: Full support for optional parameters per Section 5.3
  • Data Coding: GSM 7-bit, UCS2, and Latin-1 support per Section 5.2.19

Field Validation (Section 2.2 - SMPP PDU Format)

All fields validated according to SMPP v3.4 specification:

  • Field Length Limits: Enforced per specification tables
  • Null Termination: C-Octet String handling per Section 3.1
  • Enumerated Values: Type-safe enums for all specified values
  • Reserved Fields: Proper handling of reserved ranges

Quick Start

Dependencies

[dependencies]
smpp = "0.4.0"
tokio = { version = "1.0", features = ["full"] }

Basic SMS Sending (SMPP v3.4)

use smpp::client::{ClientBuilder, SmppClient, SmppTransmitter, SmsMessage};

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    // Connect and bind as transmitter
    let mut client = ClientBuilder::quick_transmitter(
        "localhost:2775",
        "system_id",
        "password"
    ).await?;

    // Create SMS message
    let sms = SmsMessage::new("1234567890", "0987654321", "Hello, World!");

    // Send SMS message
    let message_id = client.send_sms(&sms).await?;
    println!("Message sent with ID: {}", message_id);

    // Clean disconnect
    client.unbind().await?;
    client.disconnect().await?;

    Ok(())
}

SMPP v5.0 with Flow Control

use smpp::client::{ClientBuilder, SmppClient, SmppTransmitter, SmsMessage};

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    // Connect with SMPP v5.0 flow control enabled
    let mut client = ClientBuilder::new()
        .address("localhost:2775")
        .credentials("system_id", "password")
        .enable_flow_control(true)
        .max_rate_per_second(100)  // Rate limiting
        .build_transmitter()
        .await?;

    // Send message with automatic flow control
    let sms = SmsMessage::new("1234567890", "0987654321", "Hello from SMPP v5.0!");
    let message_id = client.send_sms(&sms).await?;
    println!("Message sent with ID: {}", message_id);

    client.unbind().await?;
    client.disconnect().await?;

    Ok(())
}

Broadcast Messaging (SMPP v5.0)

use smpp::client::{ClientBuilder, SmppClient, SmppTransceiver};
use smpp::datatypes::{BroadcastSm, BroadcastAreaIdentifier};

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    // Connect as transceiver for broadcast operations
    let mut client = ClientBuilder::quick_transceiver(
        "localhost:2775",
        "system_id",
        "password"
    ).await?;

    // Create broadcast message
    let broadcast = BroadcastSm::builder()
        .service_type("BCAST")
        .source_address("12345")
        .message_text("Emergency Alert: Severe weather warning in your area")
        .broadcast_areas(vec![
            BroadcastAreaIdentifier::cell_id(12345),
            BroadcastAreaIdentifier::location_area(67890),
        ])
        .build()?;

    // Send broadcast message
    let message_id = client.send_broadcast(&broadcast).await?;
    println!("Broadcast sent with ID: {}", message_id);

    client.unbind().await?;
    client.disconnect().await?;

    Ok(())
}

Advanced Usage with Message Options

use smpp::client::{ClientBuilder, SmppClient, SmppTransmitter, SmsMessage};
use smpp::datatypes::{TypeOfNumber, NumericPlanIndicator, PriorityFlag, DataCoding};

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    // Connect and bind as transmitter
    let mut client = ClientBuilder::quick_transmitter(
        "localhost:2775",
        "system_id", 
        "password"
    ).await?;

    // Create SMS with advanced options
    let sms = SmsMessage::builder()
        .to("1234567890")
        .from("0987654321")
        .text("Hello with options!")
        .priority(PriorityFlag::Level1)
        .data_coding(DataCoding::default())
        .with_delivery_receipt()
        .source_numbering(TypeOfNumber::International, NumericPlanIndicator::Isdn)
        .dest_numbering(TypeOfNumber::International, NumericPlanIndicator::Isdn)
        .build()?;

    // Send message
    let message_id = client.send_sms(&sms).await?;
    println!("Message sent with ID: {}", message_id);

    // Clean disconnect
    client.unbind().await?;
    client.disconnect().await?;

    Ok(())
}

Architecture

Core Components

The library follows the SMPP layered architecture for both v3.4 and v5.0:

Application Layer           Your SMS Application
    │
Client Layer                smpp::client (Version negotiation & flow control)
    │
Frame Layer                 smpp::Frame (PDU format for both versions)
    │
Connection Layer            smpp::Connection (Session management)
    │
Transport Layer             TCP/IP (tokio::net::TcpStream)

Key Types

  • Frame: Represents complete SMPP PDUs for both v3.4 and v5.0
  • Connection: Manages TCP connection with frame buffering
  • SmppClient: High-level client API with version negotiation
  • Data Types: Strongly-typed fields matching both specifications
  • ToBytes: Zero-allocation serialization trait

Version-Specific Features

SMPP v3.4:

  • 26 standard PDU types
  • Basic message submission and delivery
  • Standard error handling and validation

SMPP v5.0:

  • All v3.4 features plus:
  • Broadcast messaging (broadcast_sm, cancel_broadcast_sm, query_broadcast_sm)
  • Enhanced flow control with rate limiting
  • Improved error handling and diagnostics
  • Extended TLV parameter support

Field Types and Specification Mapping

Rust Type SMPP Field Type Spec Reference Max Length
SystemId C-Octet String Table 4-1 16 octets
Password C-Octet String Table 4-1 9 octets
ShortMessage Octet String Section 4.4.1 254 octets
MessageId C-Octet String Section 4.4.2 65 octets
ServiceType C-Octet String Table 4-1 6 octets

Protocol Flows

Typical ESME Session (Section 2.1 - Session States)

1. TCP Connect          → OPEN state
2. bind_transmitter     → Send bind request (Section 4.1.1)
3. bind_transmitter_resp → Receive bind response (Section 4.1.2)
4. [BOUND_TX state]     → Ready for message submission
5. submit_sm            → Submit message (Section 4.4.1)
6. submit_sm_resp       → Receive message ID (Section 4.4.2)
7. unbind               → Initiate unbind (Section 4.2.1)
8. unbind_resp          → Confirm unbind (Section 4.2.2)
9. TCP Disconnect       → Return to CLOSED state

Message State Transitions (Section 5.2.28)

ACCEPTED → ENROUTE → DELIVERED
    ↓         ↓          ↓
REJECTED   UNKNOWN   EXPIRED

Performance

Benchmarked performance on typical hardware:

  • Frame Parsing: ~200ns for complex PDUs (submit_sm, deliver_sm)
  • Frame Serialization: ~80ns for complex PDUs
  • Memory Allocation: Zero allocations for messages under 160 bytes
  • Throughput: >100K messages/second sustained

See benchmark.md for detailed performance analysis.

Error Handling

All SMPP v3.4 error codes supported per Section 5.1.3:

use smpp::datatypes::CommandStatus;

match result {
    Ok(response) => println!("Success: {:?}", response),
    Err(status) => match status {
        CommandStatus::InvalidSourceAddress => {
            // Handle error per Section 5.1.3, Code 0x0000000A
            eprintln!("Invalid source address format");
        },
        CommandStatus::MessageQueueFull => {
            // Handle error per Section 5.1.3, Code 0x00000014
            eprintln!("SMSC message queue full, retry later");
        },
        _ => eprintln!("Other error: {:?}", status),
    }
}

Testing

Run the test suite:

# Unit tests
cargo test

# Integration tests with real SMSC
cargo test --features integration-tests

# Performance benchmarks
cargo bench

# Check compliance with SMPP specification
cargo test compliance

Development

Building

# Standard build
cargo build

# Development build with all features
nix develop  # Enter development shell
cargo build --all-features

# Release build optimized for production
cargo build --release

Code Organization

src/
├── lib.rs              # Library entry point
├── frame.rs            # PDU frame parsing (Section 2.2)
├── connection.rs       # Connection management (Section 2.1)
└── datatypes/          # Protocol data types
    ├── mod.rs          # Common types and traits
    ├── submit_sm.rs    # submit_sm PDU (Section 4.4.1)
    ├── deliver_sm.rs   # deliver_sm PDU (Section 4.6.1)
    ├── bind_*.rs       # Bind operations (Section 4.1)
    └── ...

Specification References

This implementation follows both SMPP specifications published by the SMS Forum:

Key sections referenced:

  • Section 2: Protocol Overview and Architecture
  • Section 3: Data Types and Encoding Rules
  • Section 4: PDU Definitions and Message Formats
  • Section 5: Protocol Features and Optional Parameters

For detailed compliance information, see COMPLIANCE.md.

Contributing

Contributions welcome! Please ensure:

  1. Specification Compliance: All changes must conform to SMPP v3.4 and/or v5.0 specifications
  2. Performance: Maintain sub-microsecond parsing performance
  3. Type Safety: Use strongly-typed fields where possible
  4. Documentation: Include specification section references

License

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.

Acknowledgments

  • SMS Forum for the SMPP v3.4 specification
  • Rust async ecosystem (Tokio, Bytes) for high-performance foundations
  • Tiger Style methodology for performance-focused development approach

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