Add an upper bound on `kernels-data` in `kernels` (and update it on version bumps)

[moon-bot-app]

kernels currently depends on kernels-data without an upper bound:

# kernels/pyproject.toml
dependencies = [
  ...
  "kernels-data>=0.14.0.dev1",
  ...
]

Since kernels-data is mostly an internal API for us, a breaking change there would break older kernels versions, which resolvers are free to combine with a newer kernels-data.

What we need:

1. Add an upper bound to the kernels-data requirement in kernels/pyproject.toml (e.g. kernels-data>=0.14.0.dev1,<0.15).
2. Make the release/version bump tooling (scripts/bump_version.py) update that upper bound as part of a major/minor bump — e.g. when the release is bumped to 0.18.dev0, the upper bound becomes <0.19.

---

Requested by Daniël de Kok - Slack thread - Agent trace

[danieldk]

In addition to setting the upper bound for 0.16, we also need to do a minor release of 0.16 (and maybe older versions) to add an upper bound for those releases as well.