diff --git a/.github/workflows/dotnet-test-with-retries.sh b/.github/workflows/dotnet-test-with-retries.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..0425d504
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/dotnet-test-with-retries.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Run the test suite like upstream Playwright CI (retries: process.env.CI ? 3 : 0):
+# re-run each failed test up to 3 more times, in a fresh test process. A test
+# that passes on a retry is reported as flaky and does not fail the job.
+# Usage: dotnet-test-with-retries.sh [command prefix, e.g. xvfb-run ... --]
+# Reads TEST_FILTER (optional) and RUNNER_TEMP.
+set -uo pipefail
+
+RETRIES=3
+# More failures than this is a real breakage, not flakiness: do not retry.
+MAX_RETRIED_FAILURES=40
+
+results_dir="${RUNNER_TEMP:-${TMPDIR:-/tmp}}/test-retries"
+rm -rf "$results_dir"
+mkdir -p "$results_dir"
+# On Windows "python3" can be a Store stub that does not run: use the first that works.
+for python in python3 python; do
+  "$python" -c '' 2>/dev/null && break
+done
+
+run_tests() {
+  local attempt="$1" filter="$2"
+  ${PREFIX[@]+"${PREFIX[@]}"} dotnet test ./src/PlaywrightNative.Tests/PlaywrightNative.Tests.csproj \
+    --no-build -c Release -f net10.0 -s src/PlaywrightNative.Tests/test.runsettings \
+    --results-directory "$results_dir" --logger "trx;LogFileName=attempt-$attempt.trx" \
+    ${filter:+--filter "$filter"}
+}
+
+# Prints the fully-qualified names of the failed tests in a TRX file.
+failed_tests() {
+  "$python" - "$1" <<'EOF'
+import sys
+import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
+ns = {'t': 'http://microsoft.com/schemas/VisualStudio/TeamTest/2010'}
+root = ET.parse(sys.argv[1]).getroot()
+methods = {}
+for test in root.iterfind('t:TestDefinitions/t:UnitTest', ns):
+    method = test.find('t:TestMethod', ns)
+    methods[test.get('id')] = method.get('className') + '.' + method.get('name')
+names = set()
+for result in root.iterfind('t:Results/t:UnitTestResult', ns):
+    if result.get('outcome') == 'Failed':
+        names.add(methods[result.get('testId')])
+print('\n'.join(sorted(names)))
+EOF
+}
+
+# Builds a dotnet test filter that matches exactly the given tests.
+# Parameterized tests ("Name(1)") match by their method name.
+to_filter() {
+  local filter="" name
+  while IFS= read -r name; do
+    [[ -z "$name" ]] && continue
+    if [[ "$name" == *"("* ]]; then
+      filter+="${filter:+|}FullyQualifiedName~${name%%(*}"
+    else
+      filter+="${filter:+|}FullyQualifiedName=$name"
+    fi
+  done
+  printf '%s' "$filter"
+}
+
+PREFIX=("$@")
+run_tests 0 "${TEST_FILTER:-}"
+status=$?
+[[ $status -eq 0 ]] && exit 0
+
+failed=""
+[[ -f "$results_dir/attempt-0.trx" ]] && failed=$(failed_tests "$results_dir/attempt-0.trx")
+count=$(printf '%s' "$failed" | grep -c . || true)
+if [[ $count -eq 0 || $count -gt $MAX_RETRIED_FAILURES ]]; then
+  echo "Not retrying: $count failed test(s) found in the results."
+  exit "$status"
+fi
+first_failed="$failed"
+
+for attempt in $(seq 1 "$RETRIES"); do
+  echo "::group::Retry #$attempt of $(printf '%s\n' "$failed" | grep -c .) failed test(s)"
+  printf '%s\n' "$failed"
+  retried="$failed"
+  run_tests "$attempt" "$(printf '%s\n' "$retried" | to_filter)"
+  status=$?
+  echo "::endgroup::"
+  if [[ -f "$results_dir/attempt-$attempt.trx" ]]; then
+    failed=$(failed_tests "$results_dir/attempt-$attempt.trx")
+  fi
+  if [[ $status -eq 0 ]]; then
+    failed=""
+    break
+  fi
+  if [[ -z "$failed" ]]; then
+    # The run failed without a failed test (for example a crash): stop here,
+    # an empty filter would run the whole suite.
+    failed="$retried"
+    break
+  fi
+done
+
+flaky=$(comm -23 <(printf '%s\n' "$first_failed" | sort) <(printf '%s\n' "$failed" | sort))
+if [[ -n "$flaky" ]]; then
+  echo "Flaky tests (failed, then passed on retry):"
+  sed 's/^/  /' <<< "$flaky"
+  if [[ -n "${GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY:-}" ]]; then
+    { echo "### Flaky tests"; sed 's/^/- /' <<< "$flaky"; } >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+  fi
+fi
+
+if [[ -n "$failed" ]]; then
+  echo "Still failing after retries:"
+  sed 's/^/  /' <<< "$failed"
+fi
+exit "$status"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/dotnet.yml b/.github/workflows/dotnet.yml
index e65952d5..0a6716bb 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/dotnet.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/dotnet.yml
@@ -218,15 +218,15 @@ jobs:
       env:
         PRODUCT: CHROMIUM
       run: |
-        dotnet test ./src/PlaywrightNative.Tests/PlaywrightNative.Tests.csproj --no-build -c Release -f net10.0 -s src/PlaywrightNative.Tests/test.runsettings ${TEST_FILTER:+--filter "$TEST_FILTER"}
+        ./.github/workflows/dotnet-test-with-retries.sh
     - name: Test (Chromium, Linux headful)
       if: ${{ matrix.browser == 'chromium' && matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest' && matrix.mode == 'headful' }}
       env:
         PRODUCT: CHROMIUM
         HEADLESS: "false"
       run: |
-        xvfb-run --auto-servernum --server-args="-screen 0 1280x960x24" -- \
-          dotnet test ./src/PlaywrightNative.Tests/PlaywrightNative.Tests.csproj --no-build -c Release -f net10.0 -s src/PlaywrightNative.Tests/test.runsettings ${TEST_FILTER:+--filter "$TEST_FILTER"}
+        ./.github/workflows/dotnet-test-with-retries.sh \
+          xvfb-run --auto-servernum --server-args="-screen 0 1280x960x24" --
     - name: Test (Chromium, Windows)
       if: ${{ matrix.browser == 'chromium' && matrix.os == 'windows-latest' }}
       shell: bash
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ jobs:
         PRODUCT: CHROMIUM
         HEADLESS: ${{ matrix.mode == 'headless' && 'true' || 'false' }}
       run: |
-        dotnet test ./src/PlaywrightNative.Tests/PlaywrightNative.Tests.csproj --no-build -c Release -f net10.0 -s src/PlaywrightNative.Tests/test.runsettings ${TEST_FILTER:+--filter "$TEST_FILTER"}
+        ./.github/workflows/dotnet-test-with-retries.sh
     - name: Test (WebKit)
       if: matrix.browser == 'webkit'
       shell: bash
@@ -251,4 +251,4 @@ jobs:
         # AddScriptTag/AddStyleTag, EmulateMedia, PDF, screenshots, SetContent,
         # SetViewportSize) and the macOS-14 inner-target hang. Retire entries
         # as the underlying work lands.
-        dotnet test ./src/PlaywrightNative.Tests/PlaywrightNative.Tests.csproj --no-build -c Release -f net10.0 -s src/PlaywrightNative.Tests/test.runsettings ${TEST_FILTER:+--filter "$TEST_FILTER"}
+        ./.github/workflows/dotnet-test-with-retries.sh