MINOR: Bump error_prone_core.version from 2.42.0 to 2.50.0 (#1183)

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: David Li <li.davidm96@gmail.com>

Author: dependabot[bot]

pom.xml

@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ under the License.
     <forkCount>2</forkCount>
     <checkstyle.version>10.23.0</checkstyle.version>
     <checkstyle.failOnViolation>true</checkstyle.failOnViolation>
-    <error_prone_core.version>2.42.0</error_prone_core.version>
+    <error_prone_core.version>2.50.0</error_prone_core.version>
     <checker.framework.version>4.2.1</checker.framework.version>
     <logback.version>1.6.3</logback.version>
     <doclint>none</doclint>
@@ -850,7 +850,7 @@ under the License.
       -->
       <id>error-prone</id>
       <activation>
-        <jdk>[17,)</jdk>
+        <jdk>[21,)</jdk>
         <property>
           <name>!m2e.version</name>
         </property>
@@ -863,6 +863,7 @@ under the License.
             <configuration>
               <compilerArgs combine.children="append">
                 <arg>-XDcompilePolicy=simple</arg>
+                <arg>-XDaddTypeAnnotationsToSymbol=true</arg>
                 <arg>-Xplugin:ErrorProne -XepExcludedPaths:.*/(target/generated-source|format/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flatbuf)/.*</arg>
                 <arg>-J--add-exports=jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api=ALL-UNNAMED</arg>
                 <arg>-J--add-exports=jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.file=ALL-UNNAMED</arg>