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<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head><meta name="generator" content="Hexo 3.9.0">
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</script></head>
<div id="loading-container">
<p class="loading-text"></p>
<div class="loading-image">
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
</div>
</div><body>
<header class="navbar-fixed">
<nav id="headNav" class="bg-color nav-transparent">
<div id="navContainer" class="nav-wrapper container">
<div class="brand-logo">
<a href="/" class="waves-effect waves-light">
<img src="/medias/logo.png" class="logo-img" alt="LOGO">
<span class="logo-span">Ji`s Blog</span>
</a>
</div>
<a href="#" data-target="mobile-nav" class="sidenav-trigger button-collapse"><i class="fa fa-navicon"></i></a>
<ul class="right">
<li class="hide-on-med-and-down">
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</li>
<li class="hide-on-med-and-down">
<a href="/tags" class="waves-effect waves-light">
<span>标签</span>
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<li class="hide-on-med-and-down">
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<span>分类</span>
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</li>
<li class="hide-on-med-and-down">
<a href="/archives" class="waves-effect waves-light">
<span>归档</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="hide-on-med-and-down">
<a href="/about" class="waves-effect waves-light">
<span>关于</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="hide-on-med-and-down">
<a href="/friends" class="waves-effect waves-light">
<span>友情链接</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="hide-on-med-and-down">
<a href="/contact" class="waves-effect waves-light">
<span>留言板</span>
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#searchModal" class="modal-trigger waves-effect waves-light">
<i id="searchIcon" class="fa fa-search" title="搜索"></i>
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Springboot常用注解
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<h1 id="RequestParm"><a href="#RequestParm" class="headerlink" title="@RequestParm"></a>@RequestParm</h1><p>@RequestParam是从请求体重获取参数值</p>
<pre><code>@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "/h",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public Map<String,Object> login( @RequestParam Integer param){
</code></pre><p>get方式请求<br><a href="http://localhost:8000/login/h?param" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://localhost:8000/login/h?param</a> = 3</p>
<p><img src="/springboot-annotation/image-20230806201732350.png" alt="image-20230806201732350"></p>
<p>post方式请求<br><a href="http://localhost:8000/login/h" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://localhost:8000/login/h</a></p>
<pre><code> @ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "/h",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public Map<String,Object> login( @RequestParam Integer param){
</code></pre><p><img src="/springboot-annotation/image-20230806201921849.png" alt="image-20230806201921849"></p>
<h1 id="RequestBody"><a href="#RequestBody" class="headerlink" title="@RequestBody"></a>@RequestBody</h1><p>@RequestBody 将前台JSON 对象数据转换为后台可处理数据 (前台 -> 后台)</p>
<p>1.如果参数时放在请求体中，application/json传入后台的话，那么后台要用@RequestBody才能接收到；<br>2.如果不是放在请求体中的话，那么后台接收前台传过来的参数时，要用@RequestParam来接收，或者形参前 什么也不写也能接收。<br>3.如果参数前写了@RequestParam(xxx)，那么前端必须有对应的xxx名字才行(不管其是否有值，当然可以通过设置该注解的required属性来调节是否必须传)，如果没有xxx名的话，那么请求会出错，报400。</p>
<h1 id="ResponseBody"><a href="#ResponseBody" class="headerlink" title="@ResponseBody"></a>@ResponseBody</h1><p>@ResponseBody注解的作用是将controller的方法返回的对象通过适当的转换器转换为指定的格式之后，写入到response对象的body区，通常用来返回JSON数据或者是XML数据123。例如，如果您想返回一个Person对象的JSON数据，您可以在方法上加上@ResponseBody注解，然后直接返回Person对象，Spring框架会自动将其转换为JSON格式并写入到response对象的body区。</p>
<h1 id="PathVariable"><a href="#PathVariable" class="headerlink" title="@PathVariable"></a>@PathVariable</h1><p>@PathVariable是从url中获取请求值</p>
<p>get方式请求</p>
<pre><code> @ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "/h/{param}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public Map<String,Object> login1( @PathVariable Integer param){</code></pre><p>请求地址格式：<a href="http://localhost:8000/login/h/{param}" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://localhost:8000/login/h/{param}</a><br><a href="http://localhost:8000/login/h/0" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://localhost:8000/login/h/0</a></p>
<p><img src="/springboot-annotation/image-20230806202101454.png" alt="image-20230806202101454"></p>
<h1 id="PathParam"><a href="#PathParam" class="headerlink" title="@PathParam"></a>@PathParam</h1><p>@PathParam和@RequestParam具有相同的使用，都是重request的请求中获取值，@RequestParam属于Spring，@PathParam是在javax.websocket.server这个包下的类。</p>
<p>它是获取request中的值的</p>
<p>常用于传统请求方式，url例子为：</p>
<pre><code>http://localhost:8080/user/getUserByidAndName?id=a&&name=张三</code></pre><pre><code> @GetMapping("/getUserByidAndName")
public String getUserByidAndName(@PathParam("id") String id,@PathParam("name") String name){
return String.format("id=%s,name=%s", id,name);
}</code></pre><h2 id="通过一个bean来接收"><a href="#通过一个bean来接收" class="headerlink" title="通过一个bean来接收"></a>通过一个bean来接收</h2><pre><code>适用于GET 和 POST请求方式
建立一个和表单中参数对应的bean
@Data
@Builder
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class DemoUser {
private String username;
private String password;
}
用这个bean来封装接收的参数
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/tools")
public class InnerController {
@RequestMapping("/addUser3")
public String addUser3(DemoUser user) {
System.out.println("username is:"+user.getUsername());
System.out.println("password is:"+user.getPassword());
return "success";
}
}
</code></pre><h2 id="直接把表单的参数写在Controller相应的方法的形参中"><a href="#直接把表单的参数写在Controller相应的方法的形参中" class="headerlink" title="直接把表单的参数写在Controller相应的方法的形参中"></a>直接把表单的参数写在Controller相应的方法的形参中</h2><p>这种方式不会校验请求里是否带参数，即下面的username和password不带也会响应成功</p>
<p>适用于GET 和 POST请求方式</p>
<pre><code>@RestController
@RequestMapping("/tools")
public class InnerController {
@RequestMapping("/addUser1")
public String addUser1(String username,String password) {
System.out.println("username is:"+username);
System.out.println("password is:"+password);
return "success";
}
}
</code></pre><h1 id="RequestHeader"><a href="#RequestHeader" class="headerlink" title="@RequestHeader"></a>@RequestHeader</h1><p><code>@RequestHeader</code> 是Spring框架中的一个注解，用于从HTTP请求头中获取特定的信息，并将其映射到方法参数或类字段上。它的作用是用来获取HTTP请求头中的信息，例如请求的内容类型、授权信息、自定义的头部信息等。</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>获取特定HTTP请求头信息：</strong> 通过在Controller方法的参数中使用 <code>@RequestHeader</code> 注解，你可以获取HTTP请求中指定的头部信息，例如：</li>
</ol>
<pre><code>javaCopy code@GetMapping("/example")
public ResponseEntity<String> example(@RequestHeader("User-Agent") String userAgent) {
// 处理userAgent
}</code></pre><p>上述示例中，<code>@RequestHeader("User-Agent")</code> 用于获取HTTP请求头中的 “User-Agent” 头部信息，并将其映射到方法参数 <code>userAgent</code> 中。</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>获取多个HTTP请求头信息：</strong> 你可以使用 <code>@RequestHeader</code> 注解多次来获取多个不同的HTTP请求头信息，例如：</li>
</ol>
<pre><code>javaCopy code@GetMapping("/example")
public ResponseEntity<String> example(
@RequestHeader("User-Agent") String userAgent,
@RequestHeader("Authorization") String authorization
) {
// 处理userAgent和authorization
}</code></pre><p>这个方法同时获取了 “User-Agent” 和 “Authorization” 头部信息。</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>默认值和必需性：</strong> 你可以通过 <code>@RequestHeader</code> 的 <code>defaultValue</code> 属性为请求头指定默认值，以防请求中没有提供该头部信息。此外，你还可以使用 <code>@RequestHeader</code> 的 <code>required</code> 属性来指定头部信息是否是必需的，默认值为 <code>true</code>。</li>
</ol>
<pre><code>javaCopy code@GetMapping("/example")
public ResponseEntity<String> example(
@RequestHeader(value = "Authorization", required = false, defaultValue = "Guest") String authorization
) {
// 如果请求中没有提供 "Authorization" 头部信息，将使用默认值 "Guest"
}</code></pre><ol>
<li><strong>映射到类字段：</strong> 除了映射到方法参数，你还可以使用 <code>@RequestHeader</code> 注解将请求头信息映射到类的字段上。这在需要在多个方法中共享相同的请求头信息时很有用。</li>
</ol>
<pre><code>javaCopy code@RestController
public class MyController {
@RequestHeader("User-Agent")
private String userAgent;
@GetMapping("/example")
public ResponseEntity<String> example() {
// 使用类字段中的userAgent
}
}</code></pre><h1 id="ConditionalOnMissingBean"><a href="#ConditionalOnMissingBean" class="headerlink" title="@ConditionalOnMissingBean"></a>@ConditionalOnMissingBean</h1><p>@ConditionalOnMissingBean是一个用于修饰Bean的注解，它的作用是在项目启动时开始自动化配置注册生成Bean，当某个类型的Bean被注册之后，如果再注册相同类型的Bean就会失败，该注解会保证Spring容器中只有一个Bean类型的实例，当注册多个相同类型的Bean时，会出现异常。它可以用在@Configuration类或@Bean方法上，用来控制自动配置的条件。例如，下面的代码表示只有当RedisOperations类不存在时，才会创建一个RedisTemplate的Bean：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token annotation punctuation">@Configuration</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@ConditionalOnMissingBean</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>RedisOperations<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">RedisAutoConfiguration</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Bean</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> RedisTemplate<span class="token operator"><</span>Object<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Object<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token function">redisTemplate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
RedisTemplate<span class="token operator"><</span>Object<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Object<span class="token operator">></span> template <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">RedisTemplate</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
template<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setConnectionFactory</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>redisConnectionFactory<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> template<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h1 id="ConditionalOnClass"><a href="#ConditionalOnClass" class="headerlink" title="@ConditionalOnClass"></a>@ConditionalOnClass</h1><p>@ConditionalOnClass这个注解的作用是当类路径中存在指定的类时，才会使标有该注解的类或方法生效。它是Spring Boot提供的一个条件注解，用来控制自动配置的条件。它可以用在@Configuration类或@Bean方法上，用来判断是否需要创建某个Bean或执行某个配置。它有两个属性，value和name，分别可以指定类或类名。例如：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token annotation punctuation">@Configuration</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@ConditionalOnClass</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>RedisOperations<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">RedisAutoConfiguration</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Bean</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@ConditionalOnMissingBean</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>name <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"redisTemplate"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> RedisTemplate<span class="token operator"><</span>Object<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Object<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token function">redisTemplate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
RedisTemplate<span class="token operator"><</span>Object<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Object<span class="token operator">></span> template <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">RedisTemplate</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
template<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setConnectionFactory</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>redisConnectionFactory<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> template<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>这段代码表示只有当RedisOperations这个类存在于类路径中时，才会执行RedisAutoConfiguration这个配置类，并创建一个RedisTemplate的Bean。</p>
<h1 id="PreDestroy"><a href="#PreDestroy" class="headerlink" title="@PreDestroy"></a>@PreDestroy</h1><p>@PreDestroy的作用是在Bean销毁前执行一个方法，通常用于释放资源或者做一些清理工作。它是Java规范JSR-250中定义的一个注解，Spring框架支持这个注解，并且提供了相应的实现原理。@PreDestroy注解的使用方法如下：</p>
<ul>
<li>首先，需要在springboot的配置文件中设置消费者的确认模式为<strong>MANUAL</strong>，表示手动确认。</li>
<li>其次，需要在Bean的方法中添加@PreDestroy注解，指定要在Bean销毁前执行的方法。被@PreDestroy修饰的方法必须是非静态的void ()方法，而且不能有任何参数或者抛出异常。</li>
<li>然后，当Bean被销毁时，Spring框架会自动调用被@PreDestroy修饰的方法，并且只会调用一次。</li>
</ul>
<p>以下是一个简单的代码示例：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">package</span> com<span class="token punctuation">.</span>example<span class="token punctuation">.</span>demo<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> javax<span class="token punctuation">.</span>annotation<span class="token punctuation">.</span>PreDestroy<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">MyBean</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token function">MyBean</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"MyBean 构造器执行"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@PreDestroy</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">preDestroy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"MyBean @PreDestroy 注解标注的方法执行"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">destroy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"MyBean destroy 方法执行"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/aiwokache/article/details/129037252" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Spring Boot接收从前端传过来的数据常用方式以及处理的技巧_后端接受前端数据的方式_aiwokache的博客-CSDN博客</a></p>
</div>
<hr />
<style>
#reward {
margin: 40px 0;
text-align: center;
}
#reward .reward-link {
font-size: 1.88rem;
}
#reward .btn-floating:hover {
box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
#rewardModal {
width: 320px;
height: 350px;
}
#rewardModal .reward-title {
margin: 15px auto;
padding-bottom: 5px;
}
#rewardModal .modal-content {
padding: 10px;
}
#rewardModal .close {
position: absolute;
right: 15px;
top: 15px;
color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
font-size: 1.3rem;
line-height: 20px;
cursor: pointer;
}
#rewardModal .close:hover {
color: #ef5350;
transform: scale(1.3);
-moz-transform:scale(1.3);
-webkit-transform:scale(1.3);
-o-transform:scale(1.3);
}
#rewardModal .reward-tabs {
margin: 0 auto;
width: 210px;
}
.reward-tabs .tabs {
height: 38px;
margin: 10px auto;
padding-left: 0;